Overview
In part 1 I introduced you to JUnit 5 annotations:
- @DisplayName
- @Test
In this chapter, I’ll show you two more annotations:
- @Disabled
- @Nested
With code examples for both, and a video where I write code using these annotations.
You can download the complete sample application from GitHub if you like.
Let’s get started!
The Class Under Test
Before diving into the meat of this, let me show you the class under test. It’s called Echo, and it’s very simple (so as not to get in the way of the lesson):
public class Echo {
public String echo(String stringToEcho) {
return stringToEcho;
}
public Integer echo(Integer intToEcho) {
return intToEcho;
}
}
The class is pretty simple: its contract stipulates that it echoes whatever is passed, unchanged.
In true Test-Driven Development (TDD) style, you’ll write the implementation after you write the unit tests.
@Disabled
@Test
@Disabled
@DisplayName("A disabled test")
void testNotRun() {
// This method will not run
}
Use this annotation to tell the JUnit platform not to run this test method. Notice that the method is annotated with the @Test annotation. Normally, JUnit would execute this method at the appropriate point in the test lifecycle, but annotating the method with @Disabled tells JUnit not to run it.
Why not just remove the @Test annotation? It might be good for documentation purposes to leave it annotated with @Test so you know it was a test method, or maybe you just want to temporarily disable the method.
@Nested
This is a super cool new feature of JUnit 5 that allows you to create nested (inner) classes that keep groups of tests together in the same main test class, but separate from the other test methods in that class.
In the case of the Echo class, both methods are called echo, so you need some way of distinguishing which echo overload you’re testing. You could do something like this:
@Test
public void testEcho_String() {
.
.
}
@Test
public void testEcho_Integer() {
.
.
}
And that would work just fine. But JUnit 5 and the Jupiter API give you the @Nested annotation. So let’s use it!
@Nested
public class StringEchoTest {
@Test
public void testEcho() {
classUnderTest = new Echo();
String expectedString = "This is a test";
assertAll("String version of echo() method",
// equals() should match,
/// but that is not good enough
() -> assertEquals(expectedString,
classUnderTest.echo(expectedString)),
// hash codes should match,
/// but still not quite good enough
() -> assertEquals(expectedString.hashCode(),
classUnderTest.echo(expectedString).hashCode()),
// This should do the trick
() -> assertEquals(
System.identityHashCode(expectedString),
System.identityHashCode(
classUnderTest.echo(expectedString))));
}
}
@Nested
public class IntegerEchoTest {
@Test
public void testEcho() {
classUnderTest = new Echo();
Integer expectedInteger = Integer.valueOf(238);
assertAll("String version of echo() method",
() -> assertEquals(expectedInteger,
classUnderTest.echo(expectedInteger)),
() -> assertEquals(expectedInteger.hashCode(),
classUnderTest.echo(expectedInteger).hashCode()),
() -> assertEquals(
System.identityHashCode(expectedInteger),
System.identityHashCode(
classUnderTest.echo(expectedInteger))));
}
}
Video
In the video below, I’ll go over these annotations in detail, and you can watch me explain the code as I write it.
Conclusion
In this article, I showed you some of the annotations from the JUnit Jupiter API you’re most likely to use. But there is a LOT more to JUnit than the Annotations.
Be sure to follow along with this series here on my blog, and the accompanying videos on my YouTube channel.
To learn more about the annotations provided by the JUnit Jupiter API visit the JUnit 5 User’s Guide.
Check out my IBM developerWorks JUnit 5 Tutorial Series:
Check out the first post in this series here.
